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A20 - Spiritual Perspectives on Leisure
Leisure in the lives and practices of Catholic Christians Jennifer Livengood, University of Nevada (Las Vegas, USA)
Scholarship has examined the relationship between spirituality and leisure. For example, natural spaces and or solitary leisure (Fox, 1997; Frederickson & Anderson, 1999; Heintzman, 2007; Sweatman & Heintzman, 2004) and socializing (Ryken.1987; Norden, 1965) have been linked to personal spirituality. Additionally, research has focused on the leisure within the Protestant Church (Ernce, 1987; Livengood, 2006). Catholic scholarship advocated the importance of recreation, sport, and physical activity (Feeny, 1995; Shaw, 2005). Activities, such as physical education, family vacations, and the Sabbath were considered important within the Catholic lifestyle (Feeny, 1995). Leisure research has been focused on Protestant Christians, therefore the current study will add to scholarship on spirituality and leisure. The objectives of this study were two-fold, 1) to understand if organizational frameworks are present for providing leisure within the Catholic Church and 2) to determine whether Catholic Christians consider leisure as spiritual. This study utilized semi-structured interviews with Catholic individuals residing in a large Southwestern community. The constant comparison technique (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) guided the interpretation of the data. Three major themes emerged from this study. First, participants indicated that little to no organized leisure programs existed within their local parish. Moreover, interviewees reported that the organized leisure occurred in the Catholic K-12 education system. Second, participants maintained that their faith was not constraining to their leisure participation; however, moderation in all activities was considered important. Third, some participants mentioned that spirituality and leisure were not related. Others suggested that certain activities like fishing or attending sports events were considered as spiritual. The findings of this study make a major contribution to scholarship on leisure and spirituality. Specifically, the results are similar to investigations linking personal spirituality and leisure (Fox, 1997; Frederickson & Anderson, 1999; Heintzman, 2007; Sweatman & Heintzman, 2004). Moreover the findings of this study are similar to Livengood (2006) and Stodolska & Livengood (2006), which indicated that faith is not perceived as constraining to leisure participation. The findings of this study are not consistent with the scholarship by Ernce (1987) and Livengood (2006), which suggested that leisure was organized within the Church.